KUCHING: Attitudes among Generation Z (Gen Z) toward discipline, risk and long-term careers are emerging as key factors influencing military enlistment.
A lecturer from the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Dr Mohd Khairul Nabil Mohd Nor Azan, said understanding the values of Gen Z – those born between 1995 and 2012 – is crucial for traditional institutions like the military to remain relevant and appealing.
He noted that Gen Z places strong emphasis on personal autonomy and flexibility, which may conflict with the rigid hierarchical discipline that defines military structures.
“Freedom, autonomy and the ability to choose when and where they work are what Gen Z value the most. They tend to have little patience for rigid structures and prefer more open, transparent communication,” he told Sarawak Tribune.
As a result, he explained that many youths from this generation view leadership more as mentorship rather than strict supervision, potentially affecting their willingness to commit to military service.
“The military relies heavily on hierarchy and discipline. So, this could be a barrier unless young recruits feel they have ownership over their roles and a voice that is heard,” he added.
Khairul stressed that initiatives such as the revamped National Service Training Programme (PLKN 3.0) must reframe discipline as a tool for building resilience and professional identity, rather than mere obedience.
On efforts by the Ministry of Defence (MINDEF) to modernise its image – including leveraging technology and e-sports – he described the approach as relevant but insufficient on its own.
“As digital natives, Gen Z expects modern tools and environments. However, a modern image alone may not offset concerns about the physical and mental risks associated with military life,” he said.
He pointed out that Gen Z is widely reported to face higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression, making mental health support a critical factor in career decisions.
“For this generation, a supportive environment and strong ethical values are more important than just facilities. There must be a clear commitment to mental well-being,” he emphasised.
Khairul also highlighted a growing mismatch between the military’s long-term service model and Gen Z’s tendency toward career mobility.
“Many Gen Z individuals change jobs frequently, often as a way to pursue personal and professional growth.
“On average, they may move on within a short period. Yet, they still value stability,” he said.
He added that this apparent contradiction stems from their exposure to global uncertainties, including the COVID-19 pandemic, which has shaped their outlook on job security.
“To attract Gen Z, the military needs to position itself as a pathway for continuous learning and achievement. If long-term service can offer skills development and a sense of progression, it can meet their need for both stability and variety,” he said.
The insights come amid reports that the Ministry of Defence is turning to social media influencers and digital platforms to boost youth interest in military careers, reflecting a broader shift in recruitment strategies to engage a new generation.
